Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction
A ramp for wheelchairs is an important tool to aid your loved ones live more independently at home. If they are not designed correctly they could be unsafe to use.
ADA regulations require level landings at all changes in direction to prevent compound slopes. They also must provide a grippy surface for wheelchair users.
Design
The electric ramp for wheelchair (click through the following post)’s design must be in line with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards to ensure that wheelchairs easily navigate the structure. For example, the ramp slope must not exceed a ratio of 1:12 and must have level landings at any change in direction or change in the ramp’s surface. The ramp must also be constructed out of treated lumber which is more durable and withstands rain better than untreated lumber.
The sides and top of the ramp should be free of obstructions like bushes, trees or other structures that may hinder the safe movement of the ramp’s user. Additionally, the ramp’s surface must be hard and non-slip. Some municipalities require the use of an anti-slip running surface on the ramp’s entire length.
For the ramp frame, use treated lumber that is at least 4 inches wide. To secure the ramp, build posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend below ground level. The posts must then be connected with the ramp’s railings by using spindles. This type of connection reduces the chance of a ramp operator slipping off the ramp.
Then, you can build the frame of the ramp using beams that measure 2 by 4 inches in length and joists that are at minimum 16 inches long. Make sure that the joists are at a minimum of 18 inches above ground level and are secured using joist hangers which are nails that grip the inside of the joists and stop them from sliding off the ground. Attach the ramp decking using a framing nailer.
Install an upper landing on the doorway to ensure wheelchair users can easily navigate the doorswing. The landing should be 12 to 24 inches on the handle side of out-swinging doors. For doors with in-swing the landing should be at least 58 inches by 60 inches to allow for the threshold and a person in wheelchair who must roll backward through the doorway.
Install a level landing when you change the direction of the ramp, to avoid wheelchairs from having to hit their brakes into corners. A level landing also allows you to move the ramp away from the way when needed to allow lawnmowers or other equipment can slide under it.
Materials
The material used to construct the ramp for wheelchairs can be made of wood, concrete or aluminum. A professional ramp installation company can help you decide which one is suitable for your business or home. When choosing the material to use for the ramp, it is crucial to consider your budget and specific needs. The ramp should be easy to maintain, and it should be safe for use. Some cities require that the ramp be laid with an anti-slip surface.
Before you purchase any material or begin building, be sure that you have the necessary permits from your local government and ensure that you adhere to all building codes in your area. Making use of the incorrect materials or methods of construction can lead to dangerous conditions for gardhom wheelchair ramps users. You can get the most up-to-date information regarding construction requirements at your local building department office library or online.
Wood ramps are often the most affordable of ADA ramp materials, but they require more care than other options. Wood ramps should be regularly treated with sealers to stop rot. Wood splinters can be a problem, and is particularly hazardous for wheelchair users. Wood ramps may also require additional support to keep the structure in place.
Concrete ramps can be expensive however they are durable and long lasting. They are also heavy, which demands more effort to install and makes moving the ramp after it’s no longer required difficult. Concrete ramps are strong enough to support the weight of power wheelchairs.
Aluminum ramps are lighter and less expensive than concrete or steel. They also have the same durability, strength and resistance to corrosion. They are also cheaper than iron or steel which makes them an ideal choice for those on a tight budget. Aluminum is also green as it is found naturally in the Earth’s crust, and can be recycled.
The ramp’s upper landing should be level or within 3/8 inches of the threshold of the door, allowing wheelchairs with smaller wheels to go over the ramp without getting stuck. Ramps that have gaps greater than this will not meet ADA standards. Also, ensure that the ramp flows smoothly from the upper landing to the surface. The final section of the ramp should have a beveled transition to avoid an abrupt stop for wheelchairs as they exit or enter the dwelling.
Installation
A wheelchair ramp is a plane inclined that can be installed as an alternative or in addition to steps. It allows wheelchair users, as well as people who use strollers or carts to access areas that are otherwise difficult to access.
When choosing a wheelchair accessible ramp, there are many factors to consider, including the location, height and price. A ramp should be situated near the door as is possible to prevent unnecessary travel. It should also be positioned at a level that is easy to navigate by the person using it. It should also be secured to the ground and free of obstructions, such as the trees or cars parked.
ADA regulations stipulate that ramps must are equipped with handrails either side. These rails should be at least 36 inches apart, and have a gripping surface that is rounded or smooth. They must also be attached to the edge of the ramp and extend 12 inches beyond it. Handrails must be continuous if the ramp is designed with switchbacks or in an L-shaped layout.
The length of the ramp is determined by the incline. However there are a few standard ramp types which can be used for most situations. A threshold ramp, for instance, sits flush against the curb’s lip or the threshold of the doorway. Portable ramps are, however, can be moved to a new location and come in different sizes. There are also modular aluminum ramps that can be built on site. These are usually used in public or commercial areas and are typically longer than the threshold and ramps that are portable wheelchair ramps for homes.
Contact your city’s construction department to determine whether a permit is required for a permanent ramp. You should also speak to an expert in mobility about the type of ramp that works best for your needs and space. In certain situations installing permanent ramps could improve the value of your house.
Maintenance
It is important to maintain your wheelchair ramp especially if it will be used frequently. You’ll need to conduct regular inspections and address any structural issues as they occur. This will ensure that the ramp is in compliance with all ADA requirements, and is safe for the users.
Wooden ramps require frequent cleaning to remove debris and dirt that can obstruct access. Keep the ramp clean to avoid moisture from building up under the surface. This can lead to the onset of rot. Wood preservatives and stains only work when the ramp is cleaned prior to applying.
Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other kinds of ramps, as they are more susceptible to wear and wear and tear. It is essential to have the proper tools. To make sure that all fixings are secure and tight you’ll require an appropriate set of screwdrivers and gauge spanners. It’s also important to check regularly the handrails to ensure they are in a good condition and are free of corrosion or damage. With time and repeated usage, it’s possible for some of the bolts or fittings the handrails to come loose. This could pose an issue for anyone using the ramp.
It is also essential to make sure that the surface of the ramp is sufficiently grippy particularly in winter, when conditions can be difficult. You’ll need to sweep away any leaves, dirt and other debris that can hinder the surface and cause slippage. In addition, you’ll want to apply a non-corrosive ice melt to the ramp’s surface prior to winter arrives to prevent slipping and injury.
Consider buying “snow tires” or traction wheels for your wheelchair if you intend to use it during the winter. They’re specifically designed to aid in tracking on snow and uneven surfaces and are therefore more effective than standard wheelchair tires in helping you stay on the ramp. Alternatively, you can place heating pads or tape along the ramp’s surface to help melt ice and snow before it builds up.